第五周隨堂筆記



隨堂筆記(五) 2013.10.31 

Outline

 Ø     上課重點:

      同學提問

時事

法律常識案例

性侵害危機處理

<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:Wingdings;mso-fareast-font-family:Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family:Wingdings"> Ø     <span style="font-family:標楷體">上課心得

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:24.0pt;text-indent:-24.0pt;mso-list:l4 level1 lfo1"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:Wingdings;mso-fareast-font-family:Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family:Wingdings"> Ø     <span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:標楷體">HW1. <span style="font-family:標楷體">最感興趣的『鑑識』主題？內容？原因？

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:24.0pt;text-indent:-24.0pt;mso-list:l4 level1 lfo1"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:Wingdings;mso-fareast-font-family:Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family:Wingdings"> Ø     <span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:標楷體">HW2. <span style="font-family:標楷體">最害怕或可能遇到的危機？如何應對？

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:24.0pt;text-indent:-24.0pt;mso-list:l4 level1 lfo1"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:Wingdings;mso-fareast-font-family:Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family:Wingdings"> Ø     <span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:標楷體">HW3. <span style="font-family:標楷體">分享最實用的法律常識或最易上當的犯罪手法？

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:24.0pt;text-indent:-24.0pt;mso-list:l4 level1 lfo1"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:Wingdings;mso-fareast-font-family:Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family:Wingdings"> Ø     <span style="font-family:標楷體">自行收集的相關資料: 一、指紋檢測

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:138.0pt"><span style="font-family:標楷體">二、法醫檢屍

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:114.0pt;text-indent:24.0pt"><span style="font-family:標楷體">三、過勞死補充資料

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<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-left:24.0pt;mso-para-margin-left:0gd; text-indent:-24.0pt;mso-list:l10 level1 lfo7"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:Wingdings;mso-fareast-font-family:Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family:Wingdings"> Ø     <span style="font-family:標楷體">補上週的HW2: 國際間核鑑識的案例分析報告及其解讀方法

<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-left:24.0pt;mso-para-margin-left:0gd; text-indent:-24.0pt;mso-list:l10 level1 lfo7"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:Wingdings;mso-fareast-font-family:Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family:Wingdings"> Ø     <span style="font-family:標楷體">阿拉法特案件調查

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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;font-family:標楷體">上課重點: 

<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:標楷體">一、助教：

<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:標楷體">優良筆記範例

<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:標楷體">二、老師：

<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-left:24.0pt;mso-para-margin-left:0gd; text-indent:-24.0pt;mso-list:l6 level1 lfo10"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:Wingdings;mso-fareast-font-family:Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family:Wingdings">      <span style="font-family:標楷體">同學提問 

<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:標楷體">１．緊急的個案是否會請另一機構快速處理？DNA鑑定需一個月>>兩天

<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:標楷體">案子太多>>排隊（ 人力不足 ，也沒人在乎所以不 外包 ）

<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:標楷體">２．竊盜工具市面上買的到嗎？可以

<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:標楷體">開鎖的人都會 管控列冊.

<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:標楷體;color:red">鐵窗不是很好的東西，防不到小偷，火災也會出不去.

<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:標楷體">小偷手法：釣竿上有強力磁鐵，釣電視櫃上的鑰匙.

<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:標楷體">３．何時才需知道血緣處？

<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:標楷體;color:red">由血緣處找到重建的地方 <span style="font-family:標楷體">. 現場照相照完再開始動血跡.

<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:標楷體">４．由頭向下砍一刀，眼珠子會掉出來嗎？

<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:標楷體">這是法醫專長，不過就常理來說不會.

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<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-left:24.0pt;mso-para-margin-left:0gd; text-indent:-24.0pt;mso-list:l6 level1 lfo10"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:Wingdings;mso-fareast-font-family:Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family:Wingdings">      <span style="font-family:標楷體">時事： 

<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:標楷體">１．溫情簡訊都是假，按連結被騙五千（參閱上周完整資料）

<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:標楷體">２．新的犯罪手法：

<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"新細明體","serif";mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri">　　 <span style="font-family:標楷體">趙瑜：在網路上找到內政部行政署行政警察局的網頁，有各式犯罪預防與犯罪手法宣導，也有警政署的完整資訊. 在我搜尋到的條目中，包含最新犯罪或詐騙新聞，題供民眾作為借鏡. 以下節錄其中一段資料，關於一名女子被詐騙十幾次，仍對歹徒深信不疑的誇張情況. 剛開始會覺得怎麼會發生這種情況，怎麼會有那麼笨的人. 然而再想想，她為了愛情和貪欲而被騙，也是人之常情. 每個人都很有可能逃脫不了這兩種嚮往，而被人利用.

<p class="MsoNormal">http://www.cib.gov.tw/crime/crime02_2.aspx?no=758

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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"新細明體","serif"; color:black;background:#D9D9D9;mso-shading:white;mso-pattern:gray-15 auto">以結婚為前提交往，熟女遭未曾謀面的「男友」詐騙140萬元 <span style="mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt; font-family:"新細明體","serif";color:black">

<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"新細明體","serif"; color:black">　　家住臺中市的楊小姐，今年6月在「愛情公寓」認識一名男性，雙方以結婚為前提開始交往，男方自稱姓王，從事博弈業的工程師，有認識澳門賭場的高層，可以提供臺灣大樂透、今彩539等樂透明牌，並曾向賭場經理表示需籌措結婚基金，而賭場經理亦承諾協助幫忙. 今年7月，楊小姐接獲 <span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;font-family:"新細明體","serif";color:red">澳門賭場高層來電 <span style="mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"新細明體","serif";color:black">，表示可以 <span style="mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"新細明體","serif";color:red">讓楊小姐代替會員領大樂透二獎，獎金5百萬元，但需先匯15萬2千元 <span style="mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"新細明體","serif";color:black">，然後 <span style="mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"新細明體","serif";color:red">以事情穿幫需加入會員為由，要求匯款36萬元，加入會員後需要密碼方能提款，又要求再匯2萬元. 之後以楊小姐已匯太多款項為由，將直接快遞最近一期的今彩539頭獎獎號作為補償，然故意以地址錯誤為由，錯過開獎時間，讓楊小姐至寄發的地址拿到署名楊小姐的快遞及當期的獎號，更讓楊小姐深信不疑. 之後以再補償一期今彩539為由，要求匯款28萬8千元作為密碼設置費，隔日要求再匯中獎保證金56萬7千元，以防中獎不給分紅. 再以楊小姐一次就領頭獎，須補足5次的保證金，要求再匯40萬元 <span style="mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"新細明體","serif";color:black">，此時楊小姐已無錢再匯款，並在與朋友討論時感覺受騙，經撥打165查證才驚覺受騙. 本案楊小姐係與自稱澳門人員通話及匯款，但所匯款的帳戶均係國內銀行帳戶， <span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;font-family:"新細明體","serif";color:red">至銀行臨櫃匯款，行員都有關懷提問，也看過警方的宣導文宣，惟仍匯款14次，被騙金額140萬元. <span style="mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"新細明體","serif";color:black">最糟糕的是連以結婚為前提的「男友」都未曾見過面. 此類詐騙手法如出一轍，一開始詐騙集團利用 <span style="mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt; font-family:"新細明體","serif";color:red">網路通訊軟體（Skype或Line為大宗） <span style="mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt; font-family:"新細明體","serif";color:black">與被害者取得聯繫，以放長線釣大魚的方法，在網路交友過程中逐步建立起信任及情誼，再遂行他們的詐財目的. 警方呼籲民眾凡遇邀約中獎獲利或打擊組頭的說法都是詐騙，務必仔細查證，切勿聽信從未謀面網友的一面之詞. 有任何與詐騙相關疑問，歡迎撥打165反詐騙諮詢專線查證.

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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"新細明體","serif";mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri">３． <span style="font-family:標楷體">紙張上採指紋比什麼都容易（也可採皮屑DNA）（ 補充資料 ）

<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:標楷體;color:red">寧海德林 <span style="font-family:標楷體">：噴溶液，人體蛋白質呈紫色.

<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:標楷體;color:red">證物要留下，找懂的人幫忙處理 <span style="font-family:標楷體">.

<p class="MsoNormal">http://highscope.ch.ntu.edu.tw/wordpress/?p=3290

<p style="margin-top:8.25pt;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left: 0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:18.0pt;background:#FFFCEB"><span style="font-family:"新細明體","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:Arial;mso-hansi-font-family: Arial;mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;color:#2C2B2B;font-weight:normal;mso-bidi-font-weight: bold">指紋顯現：寧海德林法 <p class="MsoNormal">

<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:標楷體">４．鑑識科學新領域

<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:標楷體">ａｌｌ－ａｂｏｕｔ　ｆｏｒｅｎｓｉｃ　ｓｃｉｅｎｃｅ

<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:標楷體">（１）會計 <p class="MsoNormal">

<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:標楷體">（２）美術品 <p class="MsoNormal">

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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:標楷體">５．斷指命案重點（詳見上週報告）

<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:標楷體">死亡時間研判（法醫學）（見 補充資料 ）

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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:標楷體">６．法律常識案例：

<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-left:24.0pt;mso-para-margin-left:0gd; text-indent:-24.0pt;mso-list:l8 level1 lfo11"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:標楷體;mso-bidi-font-family:標楷體"> ＊      <span style="font-family:標楷體">案例一：被騙流程

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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:標楷體">民事非訴訟事件流程

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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:16.0pt;font-family:"新細明體","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri">　　　　 <span style="font-size:16.0pt;font-family: 標楷體">２０天內需提出異議，否則非法成合法 

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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:標楷體;color:red">救濟：＂再起訴訟＂　但請律師成本會划不來

<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:標楷體">（民事訴訟程序流程易於讓人受害）

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<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-left:24.0pt;mso-para-margin-left:0gd; text-indent:-24.0pt;mso-list:l8 level1 lfo11"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:標楷體;mso-bidi-font-family:標楷體"> ＊      <span style="font-family:標楷體">案例二：收到遠傳帳單

<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:標楷體;color:red">２０天內填未申辦聲明，或者到地院異議

<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:標楷體;color:red">＂支付命令式收到後２０天不異議就有確定判決效力＂

<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:標楷體;color:red">先確定是否真的法院寄來的（打去法院問）

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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:標楷體">７．學習：獨立思考、解決問題、自我學習能力

<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:標楷體">人身安全：防範未來、危機意識

<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:標楷體">曲突徙薪亡恩澤，焦頭爛額為上客（預防重於治療）

<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:標楷體">避免危險：學習他人經驗　犯罪手法以避免遇害（危邦不入、亂邦不居）

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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:標楷體">８．性侵害

<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-left:24.0pt;mso-para-margin-left:0gd; text-indent:-24.0pt;mso-list:l8 level1 lfo11"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:標楷體;mso-bidi-font-family:標楷體"> ＊      <span style="font-family:標楷體">案例：UNH student abducted, assaulted a 27year-year-old university of New Haven graduate student was abducted at gunpoint in a west haven carjacking early Friday then brutalizes and allegedly sexually assaulted along a lonely road in woodbridge.

<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:標楷體">後車箱有安全扣可打開

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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:標楷體">趙瑜：針對這點我蒐集了以下時事（網路上相關的資料並不多）. 透過資料，我了解其實這仍是很新的裝置，而且就去年來說，美國的暢銷國民車 <span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:標楷體;mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:18.0pt">Lexus <span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;font-family:標楷體;mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning: 18.0pt">都還存有逃生裝置瑕疵的問題，我推論這項設備並不是市場上的主流配備. 比較精良的逃生配備多存在於高級轎車. 關於被關在後車廂如何逃生，我想仍是汽車廠商仍需注重，及加緊腳步的問題. 因此，那個女生雖然笨到路邊有人招手就停下來，他在行李廂後無法逃生可能也是難以改變的吧.

<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;font-family:標楷體">補充：時事蒐集

<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-pagination:widow-orphan;mso-outline-level:1; background:white"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"新細明體","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:18.0pt">脫困遇窘境，美國Lexus ES與GS行李箱逃生裝置瑕疵 <span style="mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"新細明體","serif";mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">撰文│林柏攸2012/10/17

<p class="MsoNormal">http://news.u-car.com.tw/17208.html

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top:11.25pt;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom: 15.0pt;margin-left:0cm;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; line-height:19.5pt;mso-pagination:widow-orphan;background:white"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"新細明體","serif";mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">　　美國Consumer Report網站在10月中旬刊出的一項測試報告指出，美國Lexus旗下兩款新作，ES與GS車尾行李箱內側所配備的Trunk Release System行李箱逃生裝置，其把柄有易於斷裂的問題，很可能會影響到用車安全，而這項測試報告獲得了美國Lexus的重視，並表示美規IS車系也是採用相同材質，將會重新進行檢討與改進，預計應該會在短期內於美國宣布召回並更換. 另外，NHTSA美國高速公路交通安全局也表示，將重新進行安全評估測試.

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<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; line-height:13.5pt;mso-pagination:widow-orphan;background:#3D414A"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"新細明體","serif";mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma;color:white;mso-font-kerning:0pt">有鑑於用車文化與安全考量，美國自2002年開始，規定車尾行李箱內側要配置Trunk Release System行李箱逃生裝置，避免不小心發生關人事件.

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top:11.25pt;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom: 15.0pt;margin-left:0cm;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; line-height:19.5pt;mso-pagination:widow-orphan;background:white"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"新細明體","serif";mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">　　 <span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"新細明體","serif";mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma;color:red;mso-font-kerning:0pt">Trunk Release System <span style="mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"新細明體","serif";mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma;color:red;mso-font-kerning:0pt">行李箱逃生裝置對國內多數消費者來說，應該是頗為陌生的一項配備，因為國內進口車款、即便是美規車款，車尾行李箱多半並未配置此設計 <span style="mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"新細明體","serif";mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">. <span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"新細明體","serif";mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma;color:red;mso-font-kerning:0pt">Trunk Release System <span style="mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"新細明體","serif";mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma;color:red;mso-font-kerning:0pt">主要是採用類似於拉柄的設計，功能是防止不小心被關在行李箱內時，仍可以從內側開啟行李箱、自行脫困 <span style="mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"新細明體","serif";mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">. <span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;font-family:"新細明體","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:red; mso-font-kerning:0pt">美國法規從2002年開始，規定只要是設計有車尾行李箱的車款，都要配備此裝置，同時拉柄還要具有夜光功能.

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top:11.25pt;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom: 15.0pt;margin-left:0cm;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; line-height:19.5pt;mso-pagination:widow-orphan;background:white"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"新細明體","serif";mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">　　Consumer Report的測試總監Jake Fisher表示，他的小兒子被關在自家Lexus行李廂內並且大聲求救，當他把車廂打開後發現拉柄斷裂導致車內被困人員無法自行開啟；Jake Fisher於是乎測試了ES 300h以及一部GS 350，如果將拉柄朝向車輛右側 (也就是副駕駛方向)，不會有問題產生，但往車輛左側拉的話 (往駕駛座側) 拉柄就會斷裂.

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top:11.25pt;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom: 15.0pt;margin-left:0cm;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; line-height:19.5pt;mso-pagination:widow-orphan;background:white"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"新細明體","serif";mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">　　針對這項問題，美國Lexus已經開始深入了解，很可能是材質有缺陷所導致；由於Trunk Release System國內法規並未要求標配，且與多數國內消費習慣也有不少差異，因此現行國內進口車款多數未配置Trunk Release System. 現行國內導入之Lexus也未有此配備，因此這項配備的材質瑕疵，對國內市場沒有任何影響.

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<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-left:24.0pt;mso-para-margin-left:0gd; text-indent:-24.0pt;mso-list:l8 level1 lfo11"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:標楷體;mso-bidi-font-family:標楷體"> ＊      <span style="font-family:標楷體">案例：２０００年新聞掌紋辨識系統進的女生宿舍，有男郎混進.

<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:標楷體">　　　　一人性侵三個.

<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:標楷體">　　　　２００９　持刀挾女２４小時姦２次

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<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-left:18.0pt;mso-para-margin-left:0gd; text-indent:-18.0pt;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo12"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:標楷體;mso-bidi-font-family:標楷體"> ＊    <span style="font-family:標楷體">性侵脫困案例：

<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:標楷體">1. <span style="font-family:標楷體">交大女帶男狼到實驗室，協同其他同學一起制伏.

<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:標楷體">2. <span style="font-family:標楷體">女險遭兩嫌性侵，機警脫困.

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<p class="MsoNormal">'''<span style="font-family:標楷體;color:red">歹徒不會挑比自己高大的獵物!!!!!!!! '''

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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:標楷體;color:red">歹徒拿刀，跑掉都還來的及 

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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:標楷體">＊被歹徒拿毛巾摀嘴，第一件事 閉氣

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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:標楷體">＊遇華岡之狼，報案時警察吃案、教官不理她

<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:標楷體;color:red">＞＞打１１０全程錄音，動用警察局力量處理此案.

<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:標楷體;color:red">＞＞報案成功：拿＂報案三聯單＂.

<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:標楷體">色狼硬上，咬斷色狼屬 正當防衛.

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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:標楷體">＊遇假車禍， 速報警（勿去理論）.

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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:標楷體">＊性侵害事件通報案件統計：一年一萬多件（ 每小時至少有一件 ）

<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:標楷體">　　　　　　　　　　　　　印度每２２分鐘一起強姦案.

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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:標楷體">＊ 一次受害再次受害 ：８０－２０定律　少部分的人受害大部分比率.

<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:標楷體">高中女搭火車遭性侵：車廂只有自己跟另一人要有 警覺性.

<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:標楷體">大學生在商圈白天被擄遭性侵，兩個月後才報警（沒跡證）＞ 第一時間反應重要.

<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:標楷體">千金難買早知道＞對敵人仁慈就是對自己殘忍.

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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:標楷體">９． 毛巾弄濕要不要擰乾？當然要，不然沒被嗆死先被淹死.

<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:標楷體">　　火場逃生前要先 脫絲襪

<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:標楷體">　　 低溫狀況才可以拿塑膠袋套新鮮空氣套頭上

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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:標楷體">１０． 洗澡先放熱水，可能造成小朋友不幸

<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:標楷體;color:red">　　　手肘傷：防禦性傷痕

<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:標楷體">　　　家暴：打１１０or１１３

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<p class="MsoNormal">http://www.tapdv.tw/sec_09.html

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<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-pagination:widow-orphan"><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri">案例一 : http://a.bbi.com.tw/sex/1II452yU.html

<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-pagination:widow-orphan"><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri">案例二 : http://a.bbi.com.tw/sex/1IJkEO4u.html =<span lang="X-NONE" style="font-size:12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size:11.0pt;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;mso-font-kerning:1.0pt;font-weight:normal">案例三 <span lang="X-NONE" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-font-kerning:1.0pt;font-weight:normal">: <span lang="X-NONE" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:11.0pt;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-font-kerning:1.0pt;font-weight:normal">被強暴的人勇敢寫下強暴犯說過的骯髒話 http://onefunnyjoke.com/%E8%A8%AD%E8%A8%88/%E8%A2%AB%E5%BC%B7%E6%9A%B4%E7%9A%84%E4%BA%BA%E5%8B%87%E6%95%A2%E5%AF%AB%E4%B8%8B%E5%BC%B7%E6%9A%B4%E7%8A%AF%E8%AA%AA%E9%81%8E%E7%9A%84%E9%AA%AF%E9%AB%92%E8%A9%B1/= <p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-pagination:widow-orphan">http://onefunnyjoke.com/%E8%A8%AD%E8%A8%88/%E8%A2%AB%E5%BC%B7%E6%9A%B4%E7%9A%84%E7%94%B7%E7%94%9F%E5%AF%AB%E4%B8%8B%E5%BC%B7%E6%9A%B4%E7%8A%AF%E8%AA%AA%E9%81%8E%E7%9A%84%E9%AA%AF%E9%AB%92%E8%A9%B1/

<p style="margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:5.25pt; margin-bottom:.0001pt">案例三是有個研究機構訪問被性侵害的人，這是企劃"無法擊敗（Unbreakable ）“的一項"療程"，希望能透過藝術管道來療育這些受傷的心靈. 他們勇敢的寫下了那些性侵犯對她們說過的噁心言語. 當時的一句話，卻在這些人心上烙下無法抹滅的印記，其實仔細發現，有些話是我們平常可能會出現的語言暴力.

<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-pagination:widow-orphan"><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"">總之非常謝謝老師每周的小知識，我覺得這門課讓我們學會預防重於事情發生後的處理，不論是成本或是其他都是.

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<p class="title02" style="line-height:22.5pt;background:#E3ECCA"> 可提供協助的資源

<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"新細明體","serif"; color:black;letter-spacing:2.4pt">　　除了可以尋求一般社會機構或政府機構的協助之外，還可以向自己的 家屬、朋友、鄰居、同事求救，若有宗教信仰，還可以尋求教友的幫助， 或是一些相關民間團體的幫助. <p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:"新細明體","serif"">

<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:標楷體">１１．貨車迴轉，妨礙行進路徑＞＞不要超車，在旁邊等一下

<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:標楷體">１２．老師分享ｄｅｍｏ：

<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:標楷體">我都有機會，你們絕對可以.

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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;font-family:標楷體">上課心得：

<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:標楷體">趙瑜：這堂課講到許多自保方式，尤以法律嘗試非常實用. 很多事情都是飛來橫禍，漏財也是. 有時後看到案例會想說當事人怎麼那麼笨，但若自己遇到的話，可能當下也不見得會比他們的反應好到哪裡去吧. 我聽到性侵害案件的發生比率那麼高，真的嚇了一大跳，有點恐怖，因為我平常都沒有穿很多，又常常必須早出晚歸一個人走在暗巷，之前都會隨身帶一把瑞士刀，後來就疏忽了（因為我爸爸以前是軍人，常會告訴我們要帶防身武器）. 經過這堂課的提點，其實滿驚慌的，下次再帶著好了. 關於老師的ＤＥＭＯ我覺得有些勵志，可是仍覺得不是每個人努力朝目標邁進都會成功，很多時後機運占了大部分，譬如８０－２０定律，有些人就是比較容易遇到災禍，且一而再再而三. 另外，關於家庭暴力防治的部分，其實講那些自保或是保護家人的步驟都是很簡單的，然而若跟一個有暴力或精神不穩定傾向的人一起生活十幾年，而且又有血緣關係，有些家務事不是局外人所看那麼容易罹清的. 想請問老師，若保護令下來（期限只有一年），受害的一方想離婚但無法（因離婚需男女雙方同意），請問一年過後，還有什麼可以救濟的管道？要怎麼樣才能一方不同意但離婚？一定要加害方被判比較重的罪才行嗎？（向法院提出聲請書可能不是那麼好的方式，因為法官很忙又很囉唆，光等保護令下來就已經需要等一年了）.

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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:標楷體">郭洸廷：

<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt; font-family:標楷體">   <span style="mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:標楷體">這堂課讓我開始注意到培養法律常識的重要性，課堂中的案例是如此的血淋淋，像存證信函、支付命令、執行命令等等是我第一次看到，我個人對法律領域並沒有什麼興趣，所以如果有一天詐騙集團盯上我，我想我有很大的機會會掉入陷阱中. 另外機車搶快而發生事故的案例更是讓我心有戚戚焉，平時我每天都要騎車上學，我也是屬於車速較快的一群，但新竹的交通又是特別亂，而騎過大車子旁時，那種壓迫感和忐忑更是難以形容. 我覺得趕時間沒有錯，但搶快的同時也要遵守交通規則，才能避免終身抱憾.

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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:標楷體">施懿娟:

<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-pagination:widow-orphan"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;font-family:標楷體">其實這次老師講的內容很生活化但是我覺得蠻恐怖的，尤其是性侵害那部分，原來台灣竟然平均每個小時就有一起，我真的覺得遇到這種事非常的恐怖，因為之前很想去印度玩所以就有特別留意這方面的事，身為女生真的覺得遇到性侵害會非常的絕望，因為不只是身體上的傷害，心理的創傷一定更大，需要花很多時間很多力氣才能放下.

<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-pagination:widow-orphan"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;font-family:標楷體">之前在BBS上面也有看到有T(女同性戀)說他們也是很容易被性侵的族群，即使打扮外貌都像男生，可是就有可能會被那種1.讓他們試試和男生有性行為看會不會轉性 2.故意挑釁等怪理由的人強暴. 案例二是一個人的老婆在10歲被變態用雨傘性侵，他花了10年才讓他老婆走出陰霾的故事.

<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-pagination:widow-orphan"><span style="font-family: 標楷體;background:yellow;mso-highlight:yellow">想請問老師: 老師談到華岡之狼，敘述是說他很”狡猾”，我前陣子看關於他消息的大多是他想念書申請假釋等等想改過自新的報導，想請問老師是否有參與到他犯罪的案件，與他有過接觸，否則怎麼感覺對於他的改過自心不樂觀? 我試圖在網路上搜尋資料，但大多只有輕描淡寫以前的案情、如何偵破案件、以及分析說電子鐐銬對性侵犯到底有沒有效的資料而已.

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<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-pagination:widow-orphan"><span style="font-family: 標楷體">老師這次上課的範圍有一項令我很感興趣，那就是法院的存證信函，我們如果沒有上到老師這一堂價值五萬的法律課，可能就會因此付出慘痛的代價，詐騙集團居然會使用如此可惡的手法，讓錯的事變成隊的，真是讓我大開眼界，也因為我們自己本身一個小小的疏忽，就讓給了他們有機可乘的機會，這堂課我也看到了老師從小到大的心路歷程，老師使我明白一件事，人，只要有了夢想，努力去追隨，最後依定會成功的，不管現在看自己的夢想多麼遙不可及，只要努力去追尋，總有一天會達成自己的願望的!

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<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-pagination:widow-orphan"><span style="font-family: 標楷體">搜尋這次作業的相關資料時，除了國內一般的新聞上的常見犯罪. 也搜尋了出國時應注意的人身安全等新聞、網友分享. 尤其是著名景點、國家，觀光客眾多的地區，聚集了許多以遊客為作案對象的非當地居民的人，趁遊客在觀賞景點、拍照、或是強制推銷鮮花、紀念品等. 才發現以前是自己命大都沒遇過這些會破壞出國好心情的衰事，也理解到為什麼爸爸會這麼反對我出國，或是每次出國都替我擔心好多事情，深深體悟到女孩子一個人在外，家人的擔心不是沒有道理的. 也正因如此，讓我反思上這門課的初衷，當初只是想說來上上課、增廣見聞、多多吸取新知識，不要整日耍廢度日. 但是現在真的認為還好在沒出事以前，老師教了我們許多自保的功夫，也趁著每次的作業搜尋到以往連接觸、連想過都沒有的東西. 為了要能更開心開拓自己對於全世界的探知、讓家人更放心我有能力照顧好自己，唯有增加自保的力量，才能在未來更加強壯，強壯到可以保護自己關心的人

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<p class="MsoListParagraph">HW1.<span style="font-family:"新細明體","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">最感興趣的『鑑識』主題？內容？原因？ 

<p class="MsoListParagraph"><span style="font-family:"新細明體","serif"">刑事鑑識科學原則上可分為三類：

<p class="MsoListParagraph"><span style="font-family:"新細明體","serif"">一、鑑識科學

<p class="MsoListParagraph"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:"新細明體","serif"">1. <span style="font-family:"新細明體","serif"">毒物組：主要是對人體組織器官和血液中的毒物做鑑定.

<p class="MsoListParagraph"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:"新細明體","serif"">2. <span style="font-family:"新細明體","serif"">聲紋組：和錄音內容的鑑識比對、聲音信號強度的增強等等有關.

<p class="MsoListParagraph"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:"新細明體","serif"">3. <span style="font-family:"新細明體","serif"">電氣組：刑案中和電氣有關的聲紋比對有關.

<p class="MsoListParagraph"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:"新細明體","serif"">4. <span style="font-family:"新細明體","serif"">痕跡組：現場證物、工具及其它種類的痕跡採集、鑑識有關.

<p class="MsoListParagraph"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:"新細明體","serif"">5. <span style="font-family:"新細明體","serif"">測謊組：和測謊的判定有關.

<p class="MsoListParagraph"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:"新細明體","serif"">6. <span style="font-family:"新細明體","serif"">影像組：支援刑案現場攝影及相關物證之攝影.

<p class="MsoListParagraph"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:"新細明體","serif"">7. <span style="font-family:"新細明體","serif"">綜合組：全國鑑識業務的規劃，和現場採證、重建現場等等有關.

<p class="MsoListParagraph"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:"新細明體","serif"">8. <span style="font-family:"新細明體","serif"">印文組：負責筆跡鑑定、文件的真偽鑑定.

<p class="MsoListParagraph"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:"新細明體","serif"">9. <span style="font-family:"新細明體","serif"">化學組：化學證物鑑定,例如爆炸物、纖維、油漆、火藥的化驗等等.

<p class="MsoListParagraph"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:"新細明體","serif"">10. <span style="font-family:"新細明體","serif"">物理組：彈頭、槍枝比對，引擎磨滅號碼的重建.

<p class="MsoListParagraph"><span style="font-family:"新細明體","serif"">二、指紋科學

<p class="MsoListParagraph"><span style="font-family:"新細明體","serif"">三、 DNA鑑定：例如動植物DNA、粒線體DNA的鑑定等等.

<p class="MsoListParagraph"><span style="font-family:"新細明體","serif"">郭洸廷：

<p class="MsoListParagraph"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:"新細明體","serif"">   <span style="font-family:"新細明體","serif"">我在這堂課中最希望可以深入學習的是「痕跡組」的部分，顧名思義，這個組別便是和現場證物的蒐集、工具痕跡的鑑定有關. 我想學習這個組別的原因主要是想能對認識現場的方式、採證觀念有初步的概念，並釐清一些平時大眾的迷思. 其他部分對我們來說比較沒有機會接觸也較少資源可以應用，但從學習痕跡的採集與判定可以促進培養我們邏輯思考推理的能力、歸納線索的能力等等，而且可以讓我們對採證的方式與觀念有進一步的認識和釐清，我認為這是以我們現階段的環境最適合學習的領域. 但其他領域我也希望能有一些比較淺顯易懂但有調理的介紹課程，讓我們也能有初步的大概念.

<p class="MsoListParagraph"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:"新細明體","serif"">HW2. <span style="font-family:"新細明體","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">最害怕或可能遇到的危機？如何應對？ 

<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:24.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0; line-height:20.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly"><span style="font-family:"新細明體","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri">「飛車搶劫」是我認為最可能遇到的危機. 因為一般常見發生在女孩子身上的性侵、猥褻案等，大多有因果關係，例如：犯人是自己熟悉的人，在昏暗的巷道內、公車上擁擠的空間 ……<span style="font-family:"新細明體","serif";mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri">等. 而縱火案除非目標原本是鄰居，但很不幸的燒到自己家，不然大多也是因為與他人的錢財糾紛、惹上黑道等原因所造成. 除此之外，論車禍的話，除了每兩三個禮拜做一趟客運回台北，回台北後不是宅在家裡，就是搭離家很近的捷運代步，基本上與機車、轎車、砂石車等很少有接觸的機會. 再來說發生率也蠻高的偷竊，雖然說發生機率高，但是現在在學校附近住有大樓管理員和門禁設施的大廈，台北的家樓下是夜市和便利超商，二十四小時都是燈火通明、保安系統運作的狀況下，發生機率相較於寧靜民宅來說較小.

<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:24.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0; line-height:20.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly"><span style="font-family:"新細明體","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri">至於為什麼飛車搶案是我認為最可能遇到的危機呢？因為女生的包包一般來說是「肩背」或「手提」，騎機車的搶匪可以很輕易的從右後方或左後方切入將包包帶走揚長而去，對於騎車的搶匪，穿有跟的鞋或是便鞋的女生連跑起來追的辦法都沒有. 而且這種搶劫手法並不限制於人煙稀少或夜色昏暗的犯罪時間點，大白天和人聲鼎沸的精華區、夜市都有可能發生，就算有步行的民眾願意見義勇為抓住嫌犯，但是怎麼跑都跑不過騎機車的人啊！或許有民眾有看到車牌號碼，但嫌犯基本上也不是傻瓜，目前大多是出來犯案用的機車要不是贓車就是號碼是假的. 飛車搶匪作案除了鎖定女性，包包位於靠近車道那一側的肩膀或手臂上，其他的因素（時間、地點）都是隨機的.

<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:24.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0; line-height:20.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly"><span style="font-family:"新細明體","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri">在預防上面，盡量將包包背在靠近牆面的裡邊而不是靠馬路那邊，走路盡量在人行道上走不要貪圖跨越馬路的方便，不要走在停於路邊車輛和馬路的中間，除了能避免飛車搶劫也能減少與車間的擦撞. 如果真的不幸發生了，就讓它發生，千萬不要為了錢財、證件與搶匪爭執拉扯，避免遭到機車拖行或是其他車輛的擦撞，造成自己額外的人身傷害. 發生後，向鄰近的店家借電話或是警政機構求助，掛失重要證件、信用卡、手機 3C<span style="font-family:"新細明體","serif";mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri">用品等.

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<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-left:24.0pt;mso-para-margin-left:0gd; text-indent:-24.0pt;mso-list:l5 level1 lfo8"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:Wingdings;mso-fareast-font-family:Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family:Wingdings">      '''HW3. C<span style="font-family:"新細明體","serif"; mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">分享最實用的法律常識或最易上當的犯罪手法？以下是分享一個關於法律知識的實用網站：聯晟法網 '''http://www.rclaw.com.tw/SwEzTextList.asp

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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"新細明體","serif";mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri">點擊進入「生活法律」中的「車禍法律」，出現以下「問題分類」：

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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:標楷體">刑事部分、民事部分、肇事的判斷、警察的角色、事故的鑑定、保險的運用、賠償責任、糾紛解決

<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-left:24.0pt;mso-para-margin-left:0gd; text-indent:-24.0pt;mso-list:l1 level1 lfo9"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:Wingdings;mso-fareast-font-family:Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family:Wingdings"> ²    <span style="font-family:"新細明體","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">這次要分享的法律常識是關於車禍方面司機肇事公司有無刑責？需不需要支付民事損害賠償？

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<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:24.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0"><span style="font-family:"新細明體","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri">由以上說明可以知道，客運、貨車、砂石車、水泥車司機，肇事後須由司機個人擔當刑事責任，但乘客或車禍轎車受害者可以向該公司求償民事賠償.

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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;font-family:標楷體">補充資料：

<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-left:24.0pt;mso-para-margin-left:0gd; text-indent:-24.0pt;mso-list:l11 level1 lfo2"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"新細明體","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family:新細明體"> 一、 <span style="mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"新細明體","serif"">指紋檢測

<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-left:24.0pt;mso-para-margin-left:0gd"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:標楷體">除了寧海德林，尚有其他指紋簡測方法，以下整理出來.

<p style="margin-top:8.25pt;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left: 0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:18.0pt;background:#FFFCEB">http://highscope.ch.ntu.edu.tw/wordpress/?p=3290

<p style="margin-top:8.25pt;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left: 0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:18.0pt;background:#FFFCEB"><span style="font-family:"新細明體","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;color:black; font-weight:normal;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold">警察大學一年級黃凱斌∕國立台中第一高級中學化學科薛朋雨老師修改∕國立台灣師範大學化學系葉名倉教授責任編輯

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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"新細明體","serif"">二、法醫檢屍

<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-left:24.0pt;mso-para-margin-left:0gd"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"新細明體","serif"">http://www.student.tw/forum64/thread179614.html <p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt; font-family:"新細明體","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;color:black"> <p class="MsoNormal"> <p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt; font-family:"新細明體","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;color:black">

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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"新細明體","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;color:black">三、過勞死補充資料

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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"新細明體","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;color:black">補充資料心得：

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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:標楷體; mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;color:black">趙瑜：這次查到的各式檢測指紋資料，讓我想到ＣＳＩ上面演的探員輕輕鬆鬆就能擷取到物證的情節. 我媽媽也是因為看了這些，才對鑑識科技充滿嚮往（當然還包括她小時候看的亞森羅蘋）. 她還因此參加公司裡的公費補助，到警大去聽老師上課. 然而想到老師說台灣的ＤＮＡ分析報告出爐都非常緩慢，我覺得這是一件很可惜的事，因人力不足而浪廢許多資源和寶貴時間. 另一段關於屍體檢測的資料，網路上大部分都只能找到這份，姑且相信它的真實性. （我完全沒有這方面的接觸，難以求證）. 人死後有很多種處理屍體的方法，但依據這份資料，似乎我們所信仰的都抵不過自然現象，我看到「死後分娩」或「巨人觀」都覺得不寒而慄. 古人有可能會把生出的小孩視為禁忌吧（ 「死後分娩」的小孩會活嗎？） ，又想到我死後會變成這個樣子，突然覺得好恐怖喔，尤其現在又是深夜.

<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-pagination:widow-orphan"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:標楷體;mso-bidi-font-family:Arial; color:black">

<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-left:24.0pt;mso-para-margin-left:0gd; text-indent:-24.0pt;mso-list:l10 level1 lfo7"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:16.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family:Wingdings;mso-bidi-font-family:Wingdings;color:black"> Ø    <span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:"新細明體","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma; mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:#333333; background:white">補上週的 <span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.5pt; font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif";color:#333333;background:white">HW2: <span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"; color:#333333;background:white"> <span style="mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt; font-family:"新細明體","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:#333333;background:white">國際間核鑑識的案例分析報告及其解讀方法 <span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"; color:#333333;background:white">:

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<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-left:24.0pt;mso-para-margin-left:0gd; text-indent:-24.0pt;mso-list:l2 level1 lfo4"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Wingdings;mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;mso-bidi-font-family:Wingdings;color:black"> w      <span style="mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"新細明體","serif";mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;color:black">簡介

<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"新細明體","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;color:black">由於歐洲開始發展核鑑識科學，前蘇聯解體後，導致東歐集團國家在1989年中出現一種新形式的走私 - 核材料. 因為在1994年歐洲的慕尼黑機場，發生第一次重大事件後，催生了核鑑識科學核指紋核的概念.

<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"新細明體","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;color:black">這裡給出的例子說明不同類型的案件：

<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt; font-family:"新細明體","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;color:black">1. <span style="mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"新細明體","serif";mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;color:black">意外釋放到環境中的核物質

<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt; font-family:"新細明體","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;color:black">2. <span style="mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"新細明體","serif";mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;color:black">與德國聯邦警察（ Bundeskriminalamt ）合作檢驗測試高濃鈾樣品被送到實驗室，以確定其成分，產地和用途.

<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt; font-family:"新細明體","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;color:black">3. <span style="mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"新細明體","serif";mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;color:black">故意犯罪意圖，為核恐怖主義行為.

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<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-left:24.0pt;mso-para-margin-left:0gd; text-indent:-24.0pt;mso-list:l7 level1 lfo3"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Wingdings;mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;mso-bidi-font-family:Wingdings;color:black"> w      <span style="mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"新細明體","serif";mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;color:black">敦雷放射性粒子

<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt; font-family:"新細明體","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;color:black">10 <span style="mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"新細明體","serif";mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;color:black">年左右，在海底找到約1毫米大小，高放射性粒子 - “熱點”-，是在發生意外的蘇格蘭敦雷核附近.

<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"新細明體","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;color:black">該研究機構分析兩個粒子組成、起源和年齡、用Philips XL40掃描電子顯微鏡（SEM ） 檢查，由有鏡柱和抽水系統分開控制，並安裝在一個封閉的手套箱處理污染的樣品. 該儀器配備能量色散X射線（ EDX ）分析設施. 圖1示出了從回收的顆粒的顯微照片濱為約2毫米的長度，被認為是綴滿了一層防止溶解在海水中.

<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"新細明體","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;color:black">粒子能譜分析表明，鋁基敦雷材料測試，確定其原產地由UAl3島嶼.

<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"新細明體","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;color:black">圖2是一個元素的映射的一個小區域的橫剖，粒子從海底，示出典型的燃料分佈在基體中.

<p class="MsoNormal">'''<span style="mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"新細明體","serif";mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;color:red">使用銫同位素比值年齡測定表明，該物質上次處理前約30年. '''

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<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-left:24.0pt;mso-para-margin-left:0gd; text-indent:-24.0pt;mso-list:l7 level1 lfo3"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Wingdings;mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;mso-bidi-font-family:Wingdings;color:black"> w      <span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"新細明體","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;color:black">ITWG   <span style="mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"新細明體","serif";mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;color:black">鈾循環測試

<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"新細明體","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;color:black">該研究所是一個參與鈾循環測試組織國際技術工作組（ ITWG ）的核走私.

<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"新細明體","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;color:black">這被視為警察和核科學家之間的合作磨練，在測試中“查獲”高濃鈾樣品被送到每個實驗室進行檢查，以確定其成分，產地，擬定用途.

<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"新細明體","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;color:black">專科人員從Bundeskriminalamt （ BKA ）審查可能傳統的“陷阱”爆炸容器交付設備 '''<span style="mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt; font-family:"新細明體","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;color:red">. 圖3示出的X射線檢查的容器， '''<span style="mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"新細明體","serif";mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;color:black">其中樣品交付. 人員在實驗室中開幕式和考試的材料，向科學家保存傳統的取證信息，其中有很多有用的信息優化，並對常規的容器和其中的各種項目進行檢查. '''<span style="mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt; font-family:"新細明體","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;color:red">受污染的黃銅和指紋成像瞬乾膠汽化在手套箱條件下的容器. '''

<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"新細明體","serif";mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;color:red">ITWG <span style="mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"新細明體","serif";mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;color:red">： 24小時後，1週，以及，最後，在2個月的樣品被確定為再加工八氧化三鈾的濃縮89.89 235U （重量％） ，年齡22.4± 1.2歲 

<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"新細明體","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;color:black">三種不同的形態化學成分進行鑑定的粉末，通過掃描電鏡（SEM）和透射型電子顯微鏡（TEM），同位素組成，去掉核材料和放射性物質，所有三個identical.The材料的被發現是非常純淨的.

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<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt; font-family:標楷體;mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;color:black">

<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-left:24.0pt;mso-para-margin-left:0gd; text-indent:-24.0pt;mso-list:l7 level1 lfo3"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Wingdings;mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;mso-bidi-font-family:Wingdings;color:black"> w      <span style="mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"新細明體","serif";mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;color:black">有犯罪意圖的核裝置

<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"新細明體","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;color:black">一名工人，參與拆解卡爾斯魯厄核設施，將有核物質的去除污染的物品帶回家.

<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"新細明體","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;color:black">他和他的合夥人在他的公寓被發現有重度污染.

<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"新細明體","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;color:black">該研究所檢驗所有相關人員被偷得物品材料.

<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"新細明體","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;color:black">即使被發現的項目之一， '''<span style="mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"新細明體","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;color:red">是一個破碎的塑料管，塑料管通過SEM經歷脆斷裂，裡面的液體乾燥後的遺骸包含銫-137，钚和镅. 這表明，在某些時候，輻射也被存儲在一個低的溫度下（ '''<span style="mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"新細明體","serif";mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;color:black">圖4）. 第二個項目的分析，發現部分還有被汙染的钚和鈾粒子.

<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt; font-family:標楷體;mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;color:black">

<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:標楷體; mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;color:black">整理:

<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:標楷體; mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;color:black">歐洲從蘇聯瓦解後開始關注核鑑識的議題，網路上大多為原文資料，中文資料非常少，一方面可能是台灣、大陸方面比較沒有相關的案例，一方面也是核鑑識在台灣才剛興盛的關係. 但是大部分的資料都是在介紹、分析核鑑識的方法，比較少案件介紹，本文舉三個小例子講解有哪些案例與手法:

<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-left:18.0pt;mso-para-margin-left:0gd; text-indent:-18.0pt;mso-list:l3 level1 lfo5"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:標楷體;mso-bidi-font-family: 標楷體;color:black"> 1. <span style="mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt; font-family:標楷體;mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;color:black">意外釋放到環境中的核物質

<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-left:18.0pt;mso-para-margin-left:0gd"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Wingdings;mso-ascii-font-family: 標楷體;mso-fareast-font-family:標楷體;mso-hansi-font-family:標楷體;mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;color:black;mso-char-type:symbol;mso-symbol-font-family:Wingdings"> à <span style="mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:標楷體;mso-bidi-font-family:Arial; color:black">紅字為基本結論，可以知道熱點(核的放射粒子)可以存在超過30年.

<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-top:12.0pt;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom: 0cm;margin-left:18.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;mso-para-margin-top:12.0pt; mso-para-margin-right:0cm;mso-para-margin-bottom:0cm;mso-para-margin-left:0gd; mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-indent:-18.0pt;mso-list:l3 level1 lfo5"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:標楷體;mso-bidi-font-family: 標楷體;color:black"> 2. <span style="mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt; font-family:標楷體;mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;color:black">與德國聯邦警察（ Bundeskriminalamt ）合作檢驗測試高濃鈾樣品被送到實驗室，以確定其成分，產地和用途.

<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-top:12.0pt;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom: 0cm;margin-left:18.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;mso-para-margin-top:12.0pt; mso-para-margin-right:0cm;mso-para-margin-bottom:0cm;mso-para-margin-left:0gd; mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:Wingdings; mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-char-type:symbol;mso-symbol-font-family:Wingdings"> à <span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;font-family:標楷體;mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;color:black">這是一個檢驗的測試，可知實驗室利用時間差距(24小時、1週、2個月等)判定此汙染含有何種放射性物質以及其年齡.

<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-left:18.0pt;mso-para-margin-left:0gd; text-indent:-18.0pt;mso-list:l3 level1 lfo5"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:標楷體;mso-bidi-font-family: 標楷體;color:black"> 3. <span style="mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt; font-family:標楷體;mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;color:black">故意犯罪意圖，為核恐怖主義行為

<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-left:18.0pt;mso-para-margin-left:0gd"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Wingdings;mso-ascii-font-family: 標楷體;mso-fareast-font-family:標楷體;mso-hansi-font-family:標楷體;mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;color:black;mso-char-type:symbol;mso-symbol-font-family:Wingdings"> à <span style="mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:標楷體;mso-bidi-font-family:Arial; color:black">可知即使在低溫、即使裝載的容器破裂、放射性液體已乾涸，仍會有汙染.

<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:標楷體; mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;color:black">參考資料:

<p class="MsoNormal">http://www-pub.iaea.org/MTCD/publications/PDF/pub1169_web.pdf#page=75

<p class="MsoNormal">

<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-left:24.0pt;mso-para-margin-left:0gd; text-indent:-24.0pt;mso-list:l9 level1 lfo6"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:16.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family:Wingdings;mso-bidi-font-family:Wingdings;color:blue"> Ø    <span style="mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt; font-family:"新細明體","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:#333333;background:white">阿拉法特案件調查 

<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-left:24.0pt;mso-para-margin-left:0gd"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif";color:#333333;background:white">( '<span style="mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt; font-family:"新細明體","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:#333333;background:white">這是一篇來自 '<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif";color:#333333;background:white">CNN2012/11/4 '<span style="mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt; font-family:"新細明體","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family: Tahoma;mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:#333333;background:white">的報導 '<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif";color:#333333;background:white">) 

<p class="MsoNormal">(CNN) -- Did Yasser Arafat die eight years ago of natural causes or was the 75-year-old Palestinian leader poisoned, as his widow believes?

<p class="MsoNormal">That's the question forensic investigators from at least three nations are trying to answer by testing samples taken from Arafat's body, which was exhumed Tuesday and reburied a short time later.

<p class="MsoNormal">Tests are being performed on those samples for the presence of polonium -- a toxic, radioactive element found on some of his personal belongings earlier this year.

<p class="MsoNormal">For five decades, Arafat was the most prominent face of Palestinian opposition to Israel, first as the head of the Palestine Liberation Organization, which carried out attacks against Israeli targets, and later as the head of the Palestinian Authority.

<p class="MsoNormal">The Palestinian Authority, which runs the West Bank, says it is convinced Israel is behind any poisoning of Arafat.

<p class="MsoNormal">"We had nothing to do with it," Israeli government spokesman Mark Regev told CNN's Wolf Blitzer. "Those charges are ludicrous and it's conspiracy theories which, as you know, sometimes have legs of their own. But, as you know, there is no truth in it whatsoever."

<p class="MsoNormal">French authorities -- responding to a request from his widow -- opened a murder inquiry into Arafat's death this year after high levels of polonium-210 were detected on Arafat's toothbrush, clothing and his keffiyeh, the trademark black-and-white headscarf he often wore. France opened the investigation partly because Arafat died there in 2004.

<p class="MsoNormal">While France is leading the investigation, forensic experts from Switzerland and Russia took their own samples for independent analysis.

<p class="MsoNormal"> 'Proof in our hands'

<p class="MsoNormal">Arafat's widow, Suha, told CNN on Tuesday that she doesn't feel comfortable accusing a person or a country of poisoning her husband, but she wants the investigators to keep working. "I will tell you everybody is accusing Israel," she told CNN's Christiane Amanpour. "I can't just conclude without having all the proof in our hands."

<p class="MsoNormal">Amanpour asked the widow whether she regrets turning down a chance to have her husband's body undergo an autopsy when he died. Suha said it never occurred to her to have one performed.

<p class="MsoNormal">"Nobody asked me to do an autopsy," she said.

<p class="MsoNormal">   Yasser Arafat's remains exhumed Was Yasser Arafat murdered? Workers exhuming Yasser Arafat's body Questions surround Arafat's 2004 death

<p class="MsoNormal">Palestinian Authority President Mahmoud Abbas subsequently approved the exhumation from Arafat's mausoleum in the Palestinian presidential compound in the West Bank city of Ramallah.

<p class="MsoNormal">But the presence of high levels of polonium-210 on his belongings does not mean Arafat was poisoned, according to François Bochud, director of the Swiss institute that carried out the tests.

<p class="MsoNormal">Some details in Arafat's medical records are not consistent with polonium poisoning, he explained, and "the only way to resolve this anomaly would be by testing the body."

<p class="MsoNormal">So what is Polonium-210 and how does it work?

<p class="MsoNormal"> Polonium-210 is not a radioactive substance that emits gamma particles, which can travel through walls at extremely high energies. Instead, as polonium-210 decays, it releases alpha particles, which can't even pass through a piece of paper.

<p class="MsoNormal">But alpha particles are still dangerous. They travel short distances and retain a high amount of energy.

<p class="MsoNormal">Bottom line: It may be very difficult to determine if Arafat was poisoned with the substance, but taking samples was less of a task. This week experts retrieved the samples from Arafat's body without disturbing the whole of him so officials would not have to do a military reburial as was planned, according to Tawfiq Tirawi, head of a Palestinian investigation committee. Palestinian leadership placed flowers at Arafat's mausoleum, Tirawi told reporters.

<p class="MsoNormal">Poisoning rumors

<p class="MsoNormal">For Suha Arafat, that event was difficult to watch.

<p class="MsoNormal">"I will tell you something very emotional today while I was seeing his, you know, reburial and his remains," she told Amanpour. "I thought I would promise all my Palestinian people that his remains will go ... to Jerusalem, as he always wanted to be buried in the Al Aqsa mosque in Jerusalem."

<p class="MsoNormal">Arafat died at age 75 at a Paris military hospital after he suffered a brain hemorrhage and slipped into a coma. Palestinian officials said in the days before his death that Arafat had a blood disorder -- though they ruled out leukemia -- and that he had digestive problems.

<p class="MsoNormal">Rumors of poisoning circulated at the time, but Palestinian officials denied them, and then-Foreign Minister Nabil Sha'ath said he "totally" ruled them out.

<p class="MsoNormal">Two weeks after Arafat's death, his nephew said medical records showed no cause of death. Nasser al-Kidwa, who was the Palestinian observer to the United Nations, said toxicology tests showed " no known poison " -- though he refused to exclude the possibility that poison caused his uncle's death.

<p class="MsoNormal">"The suspicion that he was killed, that he was deliberately murdered, has been there all along and most Palestinians believe that," said Hanan Ashrawi, a member of the Palestine Liberation Organization's executive committee. "I personally believed it because I was with him; I saw him; I saw the transformation and it certainly was unnatural."

<p class="MsoNormal">Ashrawi said she had spoken with Arafat's doctors, who told her that they could not rule out the possibility that he had been poisoned.

<p class="MsoNormal">"But we didn't have any kind of thread, any kind of evidence," she told CNN in July. Referring to the report that showed polonium-210 on some of his belongings, Ashrawi said it "in many ways, tells us our suspicions are founded that there is sufficient evidence to say that he was killed, that he was assassinated using polonium."

<p class="MsoNormal"> Only a few countries, including the United States, Israel and Russia, have stocks of polonium-210, a fact that would limit the list of possible suspects, according to Cham Dallas, a professor and toxicologist at the University of Georgia's Institute for Health Management and Mass Destruction Defense.

<p class="MsoNormal">"You would only use polonium if you were making a statement, not if you were trying to hide," he said.

<p class="MsoNormal">Someone trying to get away with murder would be better off using pharmaceutical agents, since a number of of them "disappear in the body" and cannot be identified later, he said.

<p class="MsoNormal">"I can't figure out why they would use it, frankly," he said. "There are so many really cool agents to kill people if you want to be secret and even if you want to make a statement."

<p class="MsoNormal">Polonium-210 made headlines in 2006, when it was used to kill Alexander Litvinenko, a former KGB agent who came to Britain in 2000 after turning whistle-blower on the FSB, the KGB's successor.

<p class="MsoNormal">In a deathbed statement from a London hospital, Litvinenko blamed Russia's President Vladimir Putin, an accusation the Kremlin strongly denied.

<p class="MsoNormal">But it's hard to compare the cases of Arafat and Litvinenko, who was diagnosed when he was alive, Bochud said.

<p class="MsoNormal">Arafat's symptoms when he died were not entirely consistent with polonium poisoning, he said.

<p class="MsoNormal">"For example, the bone marrow stayed in good shape until (the) death of Arafat. In other cases of polonium poisoning, there is a decaying of the bone marrow," the medical expert said. "Another point, he did not lose his hair as would be expected in the case of polonium (poisoning)."

<p class="MsoNormal">Scientists performed more than 50 measurements on the belongings between February and June, he said.

<p class="MsoNormal">Palestinians who view Arafat as a symbol of resistance are also quite emotional about the suspicion he was poisoned.

<p class="MsoNormal">Arafat won the Nobel Peace Prize in 1994, along with Israeli leaders Yitzhak Rabin and Shimon Peres, for their work on the Oslo accords in 1993. The Oslo agreement was perceived at the time as a breakthrough that could lead to an independent Palestinian state and a permanent peace with Israel.

<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"新細明體","serif";mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri">心得 :

<p class="MsoNormal">     <span style="font-family:"新細明體","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri">阿拉法特，本身是一位極具爭議性的人物，又身處於政治紛亂得中東，許多國家都對其又畏懼、又討厭，恨的牙癢癢的，恨不得置他於死地，所以有可能無所不用其極地將他害死，本案件俱高度爭議性，尤其又於阿拉法特死後七年才開棺檢驗，已經經過了七個半衰期，各種人證物證都不是那麼明確，其案例的真實性，有待驗證，雖然現今核鑑識技術剛剛發展，並沒有如此成熟，但是我相信真相會水落石出的，尤其微量元素操控於少數特定國家，一但確定是被害的，應該不難查出兇手是誰. <span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:11.0pt;font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif";mso-fareast-font-family:新細明體;mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning:1.0pt;mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-fareast-language:ZH-TW; mso-bidi-language:AR-SA">